miscellaneous topics

United Nations peacekeeping missions have been active in many conflict zones worldwide, aiming to maintain peace, protect civilians, and assist in political transitions. However, these missions have also faced serious criticisms , including: 1. Lack of Effectiveness Longstanding Conflicts : In countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) or South Sudan, UN missions have failed to end violence despite years of deployment. Weak Mandates : Missions are often under-resourced or constrained by vague or weak mandates that prevent effective action. Example : In Rwanda (1994), the UN Assistance Mission (UNAMIR) could not stop the genocide due to a limited mandate. 2. Bureaucracy and Delayed Response Slow Deployment : UN missions often take months to organize and deploy, by which time conflicts may have escalated. Complex Decision-Making : The Security Council's political divisions often delay action or lead to watered-down mandates. 3. Sexual Exploi...

  Many countries around the world use a Parliamentary system with Proportional Representation (PR) . This system combines: A parliamentary democracy (where the executive is drawn from and accountable to the legislature), and A proportional electoral system (where seats in parliament are allocated based on each party’s share of the vote). ✅ Major Countries with Parliamentary PR Systems Country Electoral System Notes Germany Mixed-Member Proportional (MMP) Half PR, half direct vote; stable coalitions Israel Pure Proportional Representation One national district; low threshold = many small parties Netherlands Pure PR One national district; highly fragmented parliament Sweden Open List PR Stable multi-party coalitions Norway Modified PR Regional districts; stable but diverse parties Denmark Open List PR High voter turnout; coalition norm Finland Open List PR Many parties, frequent coalitions Belgium Closed List PR Linguistic divisions affect government formation Spain PR w...

  Here are some powerful and beautiful verses from the Qur'an (Ayat), selected for their wisdom, spiritual depth, and relevance to life, ethics, and faith. Translations may vary slightly, but these capture the essence: 🌿 On Mercy and Forgiveness "And My Mercy encompasses all things." — Surah Al-A'raf (7:156) "Say, ‘O My servants who have transgressed against themselves [by sinning], do not despair of the mercy of Allah. Indeed, Allah forgives all sins.’" — Surah Az-Zumar (39:53) 🌙 On Patience and Trials "Indeed, with hardship comes ease." — Surah Ash-Sharh (94:6) "And be patient. Surely, Allah is with those who are patient." — Surah Al-Anfal (8:46) 🌍 On Creation and Signs "Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and the alternation of the night and day are signs for those of understanding." — Surah Al-Imran (3:190) "And We have certainly created man in the best of stature." ...

  People in Hunza Valley , a mountainous region in northern Pakistan, are often said to live exceptionally long lives—some even claiming centenarians are common and people remain healthy and active well into old age. While some of these claims may be exaggerated or anecdotal , the lifestyle and environment in Hunza do offer genuine lessons for healthy aging . Here’s why people in Hunza Valley are believed to live longer, healthier lives: 🥗 1. Natural, Plant-Based Diet Key Point: Minimal processed foods + moderate calorie intake. Diet is rich in whole grains (like buckwheat, barley) , fresh fruits and vegetables , legumes , nuts , and dairy (mainly goat milk and yogurt) . They eat apricots regularly , often dried—rich in antioxidants, fiber, and vitamin A . Meat is eaten rarely—only occasionally and in small quantities. They practice seasonal eating , which means fresher, more nutrient-rich food. 🏔️ 2. Clean Environment & Active Lifestyle Key Point: Exe...

 Here are some of Friedrich Nietzsche’s most powerful, thought-provoking, and often paradoxical quotes—drawn from his major works like Thus Spoke Zarathustra , Beyond Good and Evil , and The Birth of Tragedy : 🔥 On Truth, Knowledge & Philosophy “There are no facts, only interpretations.” – The Will to Power “He who has a why to live can bear almost any how.” – Twilight of the Idols (often attributed from his interpretation of Viktor Frankl) “Convictions are more dangerous enemies of truth than lies.” – Human, All Too Human “All things are subject to interpretation. Whichever interpretation prevails at a given time is a function of power and not truth.” – The Will to Power 🧠 On Human Nature & Morality “Man is the cruelest animal.” – Thus Spoke Zarathustra “In individuals, insanity is rare; but in groups, parties, nations and epochs, it is the rule.” – Beyond Good and Evil “The surest way to corrupt a youth is to instruct him to hold in highe...